Thrill of the Spreadsheet: SV PvP Stat Optimization

As we'll soon have no choice in gear/stat optimization in PvP, I thought it might be fun to go over some of the min/maxing type choices we have now, and why I use what I use.

Optimized for Burst

In opposition to PvE standards, what I'm looking for in PvP is not how to get the highest DPS over the course of the fight.  Instead, I'm looking for the highest burst potential, both reactive and planned. 

For SV hunters, this means taking advantage of your procs with your on-use abilities, the biggest, of course, being a Murder of Crows.  So I logged a few fights against a healer friend of mine, with him doing nothing but healing himself.  Of the times I tried, the best 20 second (the duration of crows) segment I had breaks down like this:

Ability	DPC	Casts/20sec	Dmg/20sec
Explosive Shot	29,996.25	6	179,977.50
aMoC	107,200.00	1	107,200.00
Black Arrow	100,321.00	1	100,321.00
Arcane Shot	17,325.30	7	121,277.10
Serpent Sting	10,597.80	6	63,586.80
Auto Shot	7,422.90	7	51,960.30
Pet Melee	3,049.60	11	33,545.60
Cobra Shot	10,266.70	2	20,533.40
Pet Bite	3,479.20	3	10,437.60
Frozen Ammo	2,296.30	7	16,074.10
Glaive Toss	21,339.00	1	21,339.00
Total			726,252.40

To be clear, my total for these 20 second segments were within the range of 630k and 726k damage, this one certainly had some good RNG, and I timed my trap fairly well for the 2pc set bonus.  Also worth noting, this damage included having versatility enchants (which we'll look at later), but no weapon proc, and no trinket buff (proc or on-use). 

Determining Weapon Scopes

The first thing I looked at was what the effect would be of lining that up with a Mastery Scope proc, or a MS Scope proc.  Because it's hard enough to line up good RNG with my burst when not dealing with any scope/trinket procs, and because I was relying on my friend instead of a training dummy (as a side note, they should really make the PvP training dummies work like hitting a player), I decided to just math the effects of the scope procs.  

To do so, we need to see what each proc gives us.  Each provides 750 of their stat, for 12 seconds.  So the first thing I did was average out my damage sheet for a 12 second duration instead of 20 seconds. The scopes provide the following benefits:

Scope	Stats	Conversion	Percent
Hemet's	750	92.5	8.11%
Oglethorpe's	787.5	66	11.93%

Survival's attunement stat is Multistrike, so we get 5% more of that stat from the proc.  So we're looking at 8.11% more mastery, or 11.93% more multistrike.  Mastery is pretty simple to apply.  We'll take the damage done by an ability, divide it by our current mastery,  then multiply that number by our current mastery plus 8.11% (because the mastery from the scope works additively (not multiplicatively) with the mastery you already have, the result would be too high if you just multiply by 1.0811), for the abilities we have that are affected by our Mastery. For example, Explosive Shot did 29,996.25 damage normally, and my mastery is 39.70%, then I would do: 

(29,996.25/1.397)*(1.397+.0811) = 31,737.62

For Multistrike, we have a few more variations from how you would normally calculate its value. Instead of looking at the actual damage portion of Multistrike, I'll be working with the expected Value, statistically. In PvP, we only get one chance to Multistrike, instead of the two you get in PvE.  Also, because of SV's passive ability, Survivalist, Multistrikes do 20% more damage.  So our expected value with Multistrike will be "0.36*MS%".  Again, because the Multistrike from the proc adds with the Multistrike you already have, we'll have to take out the EV of the Multistrike from our gear, then multiply it back together, as we did with Mastery. As with all statistical analysis of this sort, this won't be true every time, but with a large enough sample size, our average will tend toward these results. To use Explosive Shot as an example again, with ES averaging 29,996.25 damage per cast, and my MS rating at 18.61%:

(29996.25/(1+0.36*0.1861))*(1+0.36*(0.1861+0.1193)) = 31203.64

As is obvious from just comparing the two scope's effect on Explosive Shots, Mastery gives you about about 1.7% more damage; however, mastery is only applied to some abilities, while MS is applied to all abilities. Comparing the damage from each scope, we get something like this:

Ability	Base DPC	Casts/12sec	BDmg/12secs	w/ Mast scope	w/ MS scope
Explosive Shot	29,996.25	4	119,985.00	126,950.49	124,814.55
aMoC	107,200.00	0.6	64,320.00	64,320.00	66,908.97
Black Arrow	100,321.00	0.6	60,192.60	63,686.96	62,615.43
Arcane Shot	17,325.30	4	69,301.20	73,324.34	72,090.66
Serpent Sting	10,597.80	4	42,391.20	44,852.14	44,097.50
Auto Shot	7,422.90	4.2	31,176.18	31,176.18	32,431.06
Pet Melee	3,049.60	6.6	20,127.36	20,127.36	20,937.51
Cobra Shot	10,266.70	2	20,533.40	21,725.42	21,359.90
Pet Bite	3,479.20	3	10,437.60	10,437.60	10,857.73
Frozen Ammo	2,296.30	4.2	9,644.46	10,204.35	10,032.66
Glaive Toss	21,339.00	1	21,339.00	21,339.00	22,197.92
Total			469,448.00	488,143.83	488,343.90

So we actually ended up with the MS scope coming out slightly ahead of the Mastery scope. The reason this happens, is that a Murder of Crows is such a large amount of our burst.  So while most of the time, in your normal rotation, you have nearly 80-85% of your damage coming from abilities affected by Mastery,  while crows is up is down to 69.5%.  

While this is surprising enough to be interesting. I do have some caveats.  Even though the MS scope came out slightly ahead, it was very, very slightly: .04% more.   If we get just one more Explosive Shot during the duration of the scope's proc, the Mastery scope pulls back into the lead, by about .5% more.  Also, when the scope procs while Crows is on CD, then we start seeing the Mastery scope pull ahead by more than a percent.  

There's another significant consideration, because the two are so close, we actually start to see armor making a difference in which one is better. The slight edge that the MS scope has is that it works on all of your abilities. However, the extra abilities that it works on (compared to the Mastery scope) are all physical damage, and do reduced damage based on your opponents armor. I did my testing above against a monk (leather armor); if you switch the armor values for a clothe class, you'll see the value of the MS proc go up (not significantly, but a little bit), while the Mastery scope doesn't change.  On the other hand, if you put in the values for a mail or plate class, the value of the MS scope goes down.

Of course, we're talking about incredibly small differences here.  From playing with my spreadsheet a bit, to me it looks like the Mastery scope is the better choice. This is because with bad RNG, the MS scope is only very, very slightly better, but with good RNG, the Mastery scope can be significantly better than the MS scope.  

PvP Enchants

In the Hunter Discord channel, Dilly asked me to run the same scenario but for Mastery vs Versatility enchants.  The math works the same, but just to show what we're working with:

Enchants	Stats	Conversion	Percent
Mast chants	275	92.5	2.97%
Versa chants	275	130	2.12%

Again we see that we get slightly more percent damage increase from Mastery, but Versatility applies to all of our abilities, whereas again, Mastery only applies to elemental damage.  Using the same 12 second burst window to compare, the values look like this: 

Ability	DPC	Casts/12sec	Dmg/12secs	w/ Versa	W/ Mast
Explosive Shot	29996.25	4	117,805.38	119,985.00	120,309.91
aMoC	107200	0.6	63,151.58	64,320.00	63,151.58
Black Arrow	100321	0.6	59,099.16	60,192.60	60,355.60
Arcane Shot	17325.3	6	102,063.44	103,951.80	104,233.29
Serpent Sting	10597.8	2	20,810.57	21,195.60	21,253.00
Auto Shot	7422.9	4.2	30,609.84	31,176.18	30,609.84
Pet Melee	3049.6	6.6	19,761.73	20,127.36	19,761.73
Cobra Shot	10266.7	2	20,160.40	20,533.40	20,589.00
Pet Bite	3479.2	3	10,247.99	10,437.60	10,247.99
Frozen Ammo	2296.3	4.2	9,469.26	9,644.46	9,670.58
Glaive Toss	21339	1	20,951.36	21,339.00	20,951.36
Total			474,130.71	482,903.00	481,133.88

Again, we're not talking about huge differences here, but Versatility enchants do come out slightly ahead, and they have the added benefit of giving you a little over a percent of passive damage reduction.  

Legion Beta: One with the Pack and BM Focus Updates

One with the Pack

Earlier this morning, I was playing around with creating a BM build based on getting the most focus possible.  In most tiers, there are either obvious winners: Chim Shot giving 10 focus; Big Game Hunter increasing the chance to crit, thus increasing your Dire Beasts from Wild Call procs; or Stampede and aMoC simply requiring you to use the least amount of focus.  In the level 15 tier, however, we have two talents that can increase our focus.

• One with the Pack -- The chance for Wild Call to reset the CD of Dire Beast is increased by 10%.
• Way of the Cobra -- For every pet or guardian you have active, Cobra Shot deals and additional 5% damage. 
• Dire Stable -- Dire Beasts generates 4 extra focus when they attack.

Of course, for this little experiment, Way of the Cobra is out, as for the moment, we're only looking for the greatest focus. Unfortunately, for OwtP to be worth while, it would have to double the number of resets you get. Because Dire Stable doubles the focus generation from each DB hit, we need twice as many DBs to make up for it. We simply aren't going to get that when switching from a 30% chance to reset DB on crits, to 40% chance to reset DB on crits.  

BM Focus was gutted in Alpha Build 20810

If you follow the datamining sites fairly closely, you no doubt saw that there was a new build earlier this week, which included a lot of changes for the BM artifact traits.  We lost the three traits from the old tree that would have greatly affected our focus:

• REMOVED: Call of the Wild -- When Wild Call resets the Cooldown of your Dire Beast, the duration of all active Dire Beasts is increased by 8 seconds.
• REMOVED: Unleash the Hounds -- Dire Beast has a chance to summon an additional beast.
• REMOVED: Focus of the Titans -- Maximum Focus is increased by 40. 3 levels.

Focus of the Titans was replaced by a trait that will still have some effect on our focus, in AoE situations, at least:

• Focus of the Titans -- Multishot focus cost is reduced by 15. 3 levels.

Basically, it looks like BM is just a very incomplete spec so far (which I suppose is fair, considering it's still not playable on the Legion Alpha). I expect to see some pretty big changes coming for BM, perhaps returning to Cobra Shot generating focus, or greatly increasing the focus regen of Dire Beast attacks.  

Legion PvP

Yesterday, Blizzard announced some more specifics of how PvP will work in Legion. The most shocking, for me at least, was the explanation of how gear will work.

In Legion, your gear will not matter when you're PvPing.  Your ilvl will have a slight effect on how powerful you are when pvp'ing, determining how many of each stat you have, but at a rate of .1% per ilvl. That is, if you're 10 ilvls higher than someone else, you'll have 1% more stats than they will. The stats that are actually on the gear, however, will not matter in the slightest.

And that's the problem I have with this. Everyone who PvPs must now conform to a true cookie cutter build.  No switching to a haste build for more pet damage, or a versa build for more survivability; for any spec you play, every other player of the same spec will have the exact same stats, with absolutely no customization.

They are making this change in the name of balance, which I have to admit, is a pretty good excuse. There is some sort of integrity in admitting they don't know how to balance PvP.  I don't know that just giving up and making all specs conform to one build is the best solution, but, if you're interested in balanced PvP, it does look like Legion has some potential.

They still have a long way to go to reach the goal of balanced PvP, though. While having everyone in the exact same gear does lend itself to balancing DPS and HPS, it does little for the other things that actually make a class/spec good for PvP: self heals, CC, other utility, burst, etc.

My biggest concern, however, isn't really that everyone will have to play the same cookie-cutter build, and it will get boring.  What I'm really worried about is that they'll take this control away from the player, but then won't balance things.

Anyhow, perhaps this is the right direction to take PvP.  I'm under the impression that Blizzard gets a lot of complaints about PvP, and I may be part of a very small niche group that has enjoyed it for the past couple expansions.  I hope I'm wrong, and that this new direction indicates that they're really committed to balance.  That may be worth the loss of control in gearing choices.  As with all things legion, we'll see.

Here's the battle.net blog, for anyone who hasn't seen it.

The "Right" Build vs Playing Better

Over on Blizzard Watch, a friend of the Hunting Party Podcast and founder of AskMrRobot, Vee "Zoopercat", wrote about an interesting phenomenon she's been observing. This has been happening forever, as far as I can tell. If you don't want to click the link and read it all yourself, she made a little poll that went like this:

As you can see, people's responses where drastically different if she said "according to sims, X talent does slightly better or slightly worse depending on the situations, than when she said "Top guides all pick Y talent" or "top players all use Y talent".

Of course, this isn't a super thorough experiment, but informally, it gives a pretty great insight into the mindset of WoW players.  I'm actually a bit surprised that even at the worst, only 51% of people said it isn't acceptable to keep using the talent.

Anyhow, the point of the article, I think, was to say we shouldn't discourage customization. Instead of talking about that, however, I want to talk about something that continually bugs me on hunter forums all over the internet.

The Best Pet for the DPS

I like to keep an eye on the battle.net hunter forums fairly often, and I occasionally browse the hunter forums at Elitist Jerks and MMO-Champion, I don't post very often, but occasionally I'll see a hunter who has posted his logs, and is looking for help, and I'll jump in with whatever I can discern from the logs.

Something that continues to happen is most people will respond with "you should be using [this talent]", or worse "You should be using [trinket/weapon/whatever]".  In the case of the latter, perhaps it has happened at some point in time where someone had tons of extra gear they'd just been passing on because they didn't know which to wear. However, in the vast majority of cases, if someone is wearing a bad trinket, it's because it's the only one they have.

In the former case, "You should be using talent X": I have not once, in years and years of hanging out on those forums, seen someone who was otherwise playing perfectly, and just needed to change a talent to do as well as everyone else. Yes, using the optimal talents is going to give you the highest potential for dps, but if doing more dps is your goal, 99% of the time, it just comes down to playing better: increasing your your APM; managing focus better so you can use more signature abilities; switching targets efficiently; minimizing down-time; stacking CDs; etc...

The Case for Changing Talents

There are times when I think people should change talents. The thing is, some talents are just easier than others.  Let's take the last Hunter Talent tier as an example.  We've got Exotic Munitions, which is almost completely passive; Focusing Shot, which is completely active and includes a movement restriction; and Lone Wolf, which is technically passive, but has a hidden active component, in that you lose your pet damage, which had been passive damage (I wrote about the skill cap of Lone Wolf here, back in the WoD beta), and your damage is now 91.7% based on performing  your rotation correctly (the other 8.3% comes from autoshots).

If we take a typical, heroic geared MM hunter with an average upgraded Legendary Ring (things get too extreme once we get into fully upgraded mythic gear with a fully upgraded ring), and run some sims on a patchwerk style fight,  between the 3 talents, I get results like this:

Exotic Munitions w/ Powershot	78,572 DPS
Focusing Shot w/ Barrage	88,850 DPS
Lone Wolf w/ Powershot	87,236 DPS

You may look at that, see Focusing Shot doing the most dps, and choose that. Focusing Shot, for a patchwerk style fight tends to be easier than Lone Wolf/Exotic Munitions for most players, because you don't have to plan ahead your focus management as much. This, in turn, allows you to fairly easily keep Chim Shot on CD, and does not punish you as much if you spam too many Aimed Shots and run out of focus (as it only takes you about 2.5 seconds to nearly refill your focus bar).  However, as movement components are added in to fights, Focusing Shot becomes more and more difficult to use well, as if you're out of focus but can't stand still for a few seconds, your dps goes down to basically 0, until you can stop and build focus again.

In HFC, often that means Lone Wolf is significantly better, as, for most hunters, managing focus is easier than managing movement (which sometimes isn't even possible, if your raid leader assigns you a lot of special hunter tasks).

An Extreme Example of Talent Choices

There's one talent I listed above that is sim'ing about 12% worse than the other two talents: Exotic Munitions. EM has been the lowest dps option for that tier all expansion, being relegated to PvP only or hunter jokes. However, there are occasions when it might be the better choice for a hunter. For the sake of this argument, I'll just compare it to Lone Wolf, as that is by far the most recommended talent from this tier.  

Let's say we have a hunter who is only performing their rotation 50% optimally (if you've been in LFR farming Valor over the last few weeks, you've likely seen there are a lot of players out there who are only doing about 50% of what their dps might sim at).  What I mean by 50% optimally is they're casting Chim Shot about half as often as they should be, they have a lot of down time between abilities, they're capping focus at various points, Sniper training has a 40-50% up-time, etc.  

If they're in the gear I used for the simulations above, with Lone Wolf, they'll still get all the damage from Auto-shot, about 7241 dps, but only 50% of the rest of their dps, 39,998 dps,  giving them a total of 47,239 dps.  

If, on the other hand, they take Exotic Munitions, all they have to do to get the benefit from that is keep their autoshot going, and keep their pet on assist, so they'll passively have 16,702 dps, plus half of the rest of their simmed dps (30,935 dps), giving them a total of 47,637 dps, slightly higher than the Lone Wolf choice.  

Putting it in Perspective

So for this imaginary player that's playing 50% optimally, if they didn't want to improve their rotation or focus management at all,  they would do slightly better by choosing a sub-optimal but passive Talent. That's why I don't ever think it's a good idea, when someone comes to you asking for help, to tell them to use talent X, or talent Y.  That may be the best talent for the best players, but if you don't know how good/efficient the player asking for help is, you have no way of knowing which talent they should switch to for more dps. (I should note here, that EM is perhaps the most extreme example hunters have.  No other talent sims 12% below the other talents in its tier.)  

If instead, you gave them help with improving their rotation, their focus management, their movement management, etc., they'll have a much, much greater chance of improving, and likely start seeing higher dps almost immediately.

The Hardest Problem in Mathematical Theorycrafting

The Hardest Problem I've Come Across

At Blizzcon this year, someone asked me what the hardest problem I'd come across was, math-wise, when theorycrafting.  I suppose I'd had a good bit to drink at that point, so I couldn't come up with a good answer, but while working on my BM spreadsheet the other day, and attempting to account for the artifact talents, I thought of an answer.  The single hardest problem I've come across (and continue to come across) is how to keep going when I feel overwhelmed. I suppose that's not really a math-specific problem, as I imagine it's an issue with most disciplines, but I feel like it's a really common one in the maths, at any level.

What I mean to say is there's no math that I do on this site, or on my own when working on theorycrafting, that is particularly difficult.  I don't do anything that your average high-schooler wouldn't learn in algebra class.  There are a few statistics short cuts I have memorized for convenience's sake. But aside from root memorization, there's nothing particularly difficult or complicated about the math I'm doing.

Where it starts to look complicated is when you combine multiple parts of playing a hunter together. Because there are dozens of equations you need to combine to understand how even a single ability works, it's easy to get overwhelmed and feel like things are a lot more complicated than they really are. The thing is, each one of the dozens of equations, on their own, are very simple: basic algebra and arithmetic.

Everyone Gets Frustrated

One of the reasons I enjoy abstract theorycrafting is I generally get really excited by numbers.  I remember the other day, noticing a fairly mundane fact about focus regeneration during Aimed Shot casts; specifically, that regardless of how much haste you have, you will always generate the same amount of focus during the cast-time of Aimed Shots. This is because for as much as your Aimed Shot's cast time is reduced by your haste, your base focus regen will be increased by haste.  This is not important at all, and is just happy little consequence of algebra that I hadn't considered before. When you write out the equations, it seems very obvious, but for some reason it had just never occurred to me, and when I noticed it, it just made me giddy.   

The point of that story is: I love math, I get excited by the the most basic principles of math. Even so, I still sometimes get frustrated, and get these mental blocks because I'm overwhelmed by the magnitude of processes affecting various abilities.  

I was working on my legion BM DPS spreadsheet the other day, and as I was nearing completion (or at least had gotten as far as I wanted to with the small amount of information we had at the time), MMO-Champion released their datamining of the new artifact weapon talent trees.  Upon realizing how much this changed everything I had just done, I kind of just wanted to give up, thinking "there are too many variables, I'll never be able to do this right, and no one cares about what I'm doing anyway".  

So, I walked to the liquor store, bought a six pack, and strummed my guitar for a bit.  Then I started working on these new Dire Beast changes, and really they weren't that complicated.  It didn't take as much thought to set up the new artifact talents as setting up the initial rotation. There was nothing particularly hard about any of the new talents, it was just that when I saw them all at once, I gave up. I didn't take the time to think about whether or not they were actually difficult, I just gave up.

Breaking it Down

One of the reasons I love spreadsheets so much, is I like to imagine my brain having various different cells. Maybe I can't handle thinking about every single thing that's affecting an ability at once, but I can grasp each of them separately, and put that into a cell.  Then I can take another cell and put all of them together.

Maybe that's not actually at all how my brain works, I don't know.  But, if I can understand each of the parts separately, then I have a better shot at understanding how they all work together.  If I start by looking at how they all work together without looking at the smaller constituents, then I'm lost.

Remember to Breathe

I wanted to talk about all of this, because a lot of people have these sort of panicky moments. Whether your a math-person or not, you can get overwhelmed and not realize how simple something actually is. Or I don't know, maybe it's just me. I'm not trying to tell anyone they have to love numbers the way I do. If you don't like it, that's totally fine too, I'll be happy to do the maths on your behalf!  But, if it's just a matter of feeling overwhelmed or panicked, what helps me, at least, is grabbing a beer, maybe listening to some music, and taking it one piece at a time.

Legion Beta: BM Focus

***GIANT DISCLAIMER*** There's little way to know which abilities from the Legion datamining are being scrapped, which are just carbon copies of the ability from WoD, but will be changed, or which are specifically intended for Legion and are in their close-to-final state. With that said, the following may be completely wrong, and should be taken as the speculation that it is.

Dire Beast

With the Legion Class Preview blog that blizzard published right after blizzcon, we were told Dire Beast would be the only "active" focus regen for BM hunters, with that, the duration was lowered to 8 seconds, and the CD lowered to 10 seconds (compared to a 15 second duration with a 30 second CD currently in the live version of the game).  In addition, the focus return from each attack the Dire Beast does was doubled, from 2 focus per hit to 4 focus per hit.

Dire Beasts' melee hits roughly once every 2 seconds, modified by haste.  In MoP, a function was added in an attempt to get rid of "Haste Plateaus", which gives abilities like Dire Beast a chance for an additional hit, based on your haste. It's safe to assume we'll continue to see that function in Legion. (This is actually one of those times when it then becomes much easier to then predict the value of something like Dire Beast using a spreadsheet and expected values, instead of trying to simulate the value, in which case you have to add in an psuedo-random number generator, and things get fairly messy).

So to calculate Focus regen from Dire Beast, we'll use a base of 4 hits (1 ever 2 seconds for 8 seconds) yielding 4 focus each, on a 10 second CD. That gives us 1.6 focus/second (((8/2)*4)/10=1.6).  To add in haste, we'll change the 2 (from 2 seconds) to "2/(1+h)" where h is our percent haste.  For example, with 10% haste, we'd just use "8/(2/(1+0.1))*4)/10=1.76".  And hey, check this out, you know what's really cool (if you happen to be a giant nerd and find basic algebra exciting)? We can simplify all of that to find the same results just using the base regen of 1.6, and multiplying it by 1+h.  That is, "1.6*(1+.1) = 1.76", which we can use with whichever haste point we're at.

This is going to get much more complicated momentarily, but for now, we'll move on.

Chimaera Shot

Chimaera Shot -- A two-headed shot that hits your primary target and another nearby target, dealing 660% Nature or Frost damage to each target. Generates 10 Focus for every target hit.

It is a good thing there's nothing else worth using in the tier with Chimaera Shot, because as Focus-starved as BM is looking, having an ability this powerful that doesn't cost any focus, but instead gives you focus, is just going to be amazing.

For the sake of the little thought experiment I'm doing right now, I'm going to proceed as if we're on a single target fight, where we can only get 10 focus total, though when we get around to looking at real raid encounters, it will most definitely be worth looking at how we use Chim Shot to maximize targets.

That said, given that this talent will likely be at the very top of our priority list (with the possible exception of when we're above 95 focus and Kill Command is off CD).  So we'll be using it exactly every 9 seconds, giving us an average of 1.111 focus/second returned.

Focus Regen w/ Haste

As they currently exist in the very preliminary Legion data, hunters have a base focus regen of 10 focus/second.  With haste, we again simply multiply our base regen by 1+h, that is, with 10% haste: "10*(1+.1)".  And now you'll see why I was glad to be able to simply the Dire Beast haste formula to 1.6*(1+h). as A*x+B*x = (A+B)*x, we can now just use 11.6 as our base focus regen, and modify it by haste as per usual and then simply add the focus regen from Chim Shot (which doesn't change with haste).  For example, if we have 15% haste, we should have 14.45 focus/second.

Wild Call

Of course, it's not going to be that simple, as we have yet to account for Wild Call:

Wild Call -- Your Critical Strikes have a 30% chance to reset the CD of Dire Beast. 

This then becomes a fairly bizarre thing to try to calculate, as we need to know our APM (actions per minute) in order to determine our focus regen, but we have to know our focus regen in order to determine our APM.

So just to get a feel for the rotation, I'm going to start off with a few assumptions.  The first is that "Your Critical Strikes" means specifically the hunter, not our pet's crits. The second is that we'll be able to cast something every second.  That may not be true, but it's all we've got to go one so far, so I'll hope it is true.  The third assumption, is that Dire Beast does more damage (either through the DB hits, or through the buffs we get for having more pets out) than Cobra Shot (if this isn't the case, it will have some bizarre ramification for our rotation, as DB doesn't actually produce much focus), and it is fairly high on our APL (priority list), meaning if its CD is reset, we'll use it pretty much immediately.

Without taking into account the tier 90 talents (aMoC, Barrage and Volley), I'd expect to see .93 hunter hits per second.  That is: with 15% haste, we'll auto-shot once every 2.61 seconds (.38 per second); we have one Chim Shot every 9 seconds, or .11 per second; and then for Cobra Shots, assuming we're taking the Dire Stable talent (doubling the focus return of Dire Beast), we should have enough focus to cast 1 cobra shot every 2.315 seconds (on average), and still have enough to cast KC on cooldown. Add that all up to get .93 hits per second.

Our next task is to look at the likelihood of getting a crit on one of those hits.  Since I arbitrarily choose 15% haste, let's also arbitrarily say we have 15% crit from gear, giving us 25% total chance to critically strike.  Those critical strikes then have a 30% chance to reset the CD of DB.  That gives us an expected value of  .06975 Dire Beast resets per second, or on DB reset every 14.334 seconds.

It's worth noting here that that doesn't mean we get all of our regular Dire Beasts, plus an addition Dire Beast every 14.334 seconds. Because it's resetting the CD, it's also pushing back the CD of your next Dire Beast (so if this happens just a second before the end of your DB comes of CD, then you've gained almost nothing, but if it happens a second after you've cast DB, you basically get a double Dire Beast for that duration).  If  you average that out, you'll end up with roughly 40% more Dire Beasts from Wild Call, or about 8.37 Dire Beasts per minute, instead of the 6 you would get without any CD resets.

TL;DR - Total Focus Regen (again) 

To modify our original formula for Dire Beast Focus Regen, "(8/(2/(1+h))*4))/10", to account for averaging casting Dire Beast once every 7.167 seconds instead of once every 10 seconds, we just need to change that final "/10" to "/7.167".  With our 15% haste and 25% crit, that means we're looking at 2.567 focus/second from Dire Beast, or 5.135, if we're taking the Dire Stable talent.

So for BM hunters, with 15% haste and 25% crit (which seem like fairly reasonable first tier stats) and the Dire Stables talent, we can expect to see 16.75 focus regenerated per second, on average.

Artifact Talent Tree

While it may seem 2.56732 focus regenerated per second (without Dire Stables) doesn't seem like very much.  After all, Wild Call has a very, very small chance to reset DB, (even at 100% crit, you still only have a 30% chance of it happening).  However, I suspect the reason they had to make it so rare to reset, is our Artifact Weapon Talent Tree will be providing some crazy buffs to Dire Beast, as well as to our Focus in general. 

• Call of the Wild -- When Wild Call resets the Cooldown of your Dire Beast, the duration of all active Dire Beasts is increased by 8 seconds.
• Unleash the Hounds -- Dire Beast has a chance to summon an additional beast.
• Focus of the Titans -- Maximum Focus is increased by 40. 3 levels.

We don't yet know what the chance of some of these things happening will be, but that should help to get rid of a lot of the down time in the rotation, as we level up the Artifact Weapon. 

Throw Back Thursday - Making LFR fun

With the reintroduction of Valor, a lot of us have found ourselves queuing for LFR once again. I've been quite happy completely avoiding LFR all throughout Warlords of Draenor, up until this point, but blizzard really wanted some raiders to carry people through LFR, so they decided LFR would give valor, and raiding wouldn't.

Anyhow, a few years ago, Kripparrian gave us a guide on how to make LFR fun, and I think it still applies, to this day. Enjoy!

Legion Beta: Beast Mastery Hunter Talents and Abilities

Tier 15

• One with the Pack -- The chance for Wild Call to reset the CD of Dire Beast is increased by 10%.
• Way of the Cobra -- For every pet or guardian you have active, Cobra Shot deals and additional 5% damage. 
• Dire Stable -- Dire Beasts generates 4 extra focus when they attack.

Tier 30:

• Posthaste -- Disengage also frees you from all movement impairing effects and increases your movement speed by 60% for 8 seconds. 
• Farstrider -- Disengage now has 2 charges.
• Narrow Escape -- Disengage also activates a web trap which immobilizes all targets within 8 yards for 8 seconds.

Tier 45: 

• Binding Shot -- Fires a magical projectile, tethering the enemy and any other enemies within 5 yards for 10 seconds, stunning them for 5 seconds if they move more than 5 yards from the arrow. 
• Wyvern Sting -- A stinging shot that puts the target to sleep, incapacitating them for 30 seconds. Any damage will cancel the effect.
• Intimidation -- Command your pet to intimidate the target, stunning it for 3 seconds.

Tier 60:

• Stomp! -- When your Dire Beasts charge in, they will stomp the ground, causing 400% physical damage to all nearby enemies.
• Exotic Munitions -- Allows you to modify your ranged weapon to use exotic munitions: Incendiary, Poisoned and Frozen.
• Chimaera Shot -- A two-headed shot that hits your primary target and another nearby target, dealing 660% Nature or Frost damage to each target. Generates 10 Focus for every target hit.
  Delirium's Note, there's no way this tier could possibly go live as is, with one talent so vastly superior to the others.  But that said, a chim shot that is not only free, but generates focus?  yes please.   

Tier 75:

• Big Game Hunter -- Increases the critical strike cahnce of your auto-attacks and cobra shots by 50% on targets who are above 80% health. 
• Bestial Fury -- Increase the damage bonus of Bestial Wrath by 20%.
• Blink Strikes -- Your pet's Basic Attacks deal 50% increased damage, can now be used from 30 yards away, and will instantly teleport them behind their target.  

Tier 90:

• A Murder of Crows -- Summons a flock of crows to attack your target over the next 15 seconds. If the target dies while under attack, A Murder of Crows' cooldown is reset.
• Barrage -- Rapidly fires a spray of shots for 3 seconds.
• Volley -- Continuously fire a volley of ammo at the target area, causing Arcane damage to enemy targets within 8 yards every second for 6 seconds.

Tier 100:

• Stampede -- Summon forth a herd of stampeding animals from the wilds around you that deal damage to your enemies.  3 min CD!
• Killer Cobra -- While Bestial Wrath is active, Cobra Shot has a 25% chance to reset the CD of Kill Command.
• Aspect of the Beast -- Kill Command is improved based on the talent choice of your pet. 

Other new Spells and Abilities

• Cobra Shot -- A quick shot that causes 125% physical damage. 
• Aspect of the Cheetah -- Increases your movement speed by 90% for 3 seconds, and then by 30% for another 9 seconds. 1 minute CD.
• Dire Beast -- Summons a powerful wild beast to attack your target for 8 seconds. Each time the beast deals damage, you will gain 4 focus. Summoning a beast reduces the remaining cooldown of Bestial Wrath by 15 seconds.
• Aspect of the Wild -- Increases the critical strike chance of all skills for you and your pet by 10%, and gain 10 Focus per second for 10 seconds. 
• Go for the Throat -- Your Auto-shot Critical Strikes cause your pet to generate 15 Focus. 
• Wild Call -- Your Critical Strikes have a 30% chance to reset the CD of Dire Beast. 
• Exhilaration -- Now Baseline!  Instantly heal your hunter for 30% and your pet for 100% of max health.

PvP Talent Tree:

The BM PvP Talent Tree is by far the least complete, with only two of the 6 spec specific talents available.

Column 1 Talents:

• Gladiator's Medallion - Honor Level 1 - Removes all movement impairing effects and all effects which cause loss of control of your character
• Train of Thought - Honor Level 2 - Damage increased by 15%. Being attacked will cancel this effect for 8 seconds.
• Dragonscale Armor - Honor Level 4 - Magical periodic damage effects deal 20% less damage to you.
• Viper Sting - Honor Level 6 - Your Raptor Strike stings the target, reducing their healing done by 30% for 12 seconds. Viper Sting is removed if the target casts a non-instant cast healing spell.
• Thick Hide - Honor Level 8 - Unknown.

Column 2 Talents

• Adaptation - Honor Level 13 - All full loss of control effects with a duration of 5 seconds or longer will be removed shortly after being applied.  This effect has a 1.5 minute ICD.
• Mind Quickness - Honor Level 16 - Increases haste by 15%.
• Catlike Reflexes - Honor level 19 - Critical Melee strikes grant you 30% dodge for 4 seconds.
• Scorpid Sting - Honor Level 22- Your Raptor Strike stings the target, reducing their physical Critical Strike Chance by 50% for 6 seconds.
• Sharpened Claws - Honor Level 25 - Each attack from your Dire Beasts deeply claw at the target, causing the target to bleed for 4 seconds. This effect can stack up to 3 times. 

Column 3 Talents

• Relentless - Honor Level 31 - Duration of incoming CC effects reduced by 25%.
• Initiation - Honor Level 34 - Critical chance increased by 30% on targets at or above 80% health.
• Survival Tactics - Honor Level 37 - Feign Death removes all harmful magical effects, and reduces damage taken by 100% for 1.5 seconds.  
• Spider Sting - Honor Level 40 - Stings the target with potent spider venom, causing their next offensive spell cast to silence the target for 5 seconds.